All Adjectives that Start with B (Sorted List)

Adjectives that start with B to describe a person! It contains a list of all cool, positive, and negative adjectives that begin with B to describe a person positively. You can download the PDF of this list. Here all adjectives are listed. These adjectives are very helpful to describe a person. These adjectives are very helpful to improve your writing and the way you describe someone.

Adjectives That Start With B (Divided by Number of Letters)

3 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

4 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Bald
Bare
Base
Best
Blae
Blue
Bold
Boxy
Brag
Braw
Busy

5 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Baggy
Baled
Balky
Balmy
Banal
Bandy
Baric
Barky
Barmy
Basal
Basic
Bated
Batty
Baume
Bawdy
Beady
Beamy
Beige
Bigot
Bijou
Bilgy
Binal
Birch
Black
Blady
Bland
Blank
Blase
Blest
Blind
Blond
Blown
Blowy
Bogus
Booby
Bossy
Bousy
Bovid
Boxen
Braky
Brave
Brent
Brief
Brill
Briny
Brisk
Broad
Brown
Brute
Buffy
Buggy
Bulgy
Bulky
Bully
Burly
Bushy
Busky
Buxom

Also, Check More Adjectives A-Z:

A – B – C – D – E – F – G – H – I – J – K – L – M – N – O – P – Q – R – S – T – U – V – W – X – Y – Z

6 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Babish
Baltic
Banded
Barbed
Barbre
Bardic
Barful
Basial
Basque
Beachy
Beaded
Beaked
Beamed
Beaten
Bedded
Bedlam
Bedrid
Beechy
Bennet
Benumb
Bereft
Better
Biacid
Bicorn
Biface
Bifold
Binous
Birken
Bitter
Bivial
Blabby
Bladed
Blanch
Blasty
Blithe
Blocky
Blonde
Bloody
Blotto
Blowsy
Blowzy
Blythe
Bollen
Bolshy
Bonair
Booted
Boreal
Boring
Bosomy
Boyish
Bracky
Braggy
Brainy
Branny
Brashy
Brassy
Bratty
Brawny
Brazen
Breezy
Breton
Brevet
Briary
Bricky
Bridal
Briery
Bright
Briton
Broche
Bromic
Broomy
Brumal
Brutal
Bubbly
Buccal
Burbly
Buried
Burked
Burled
Bursal
Busked

7 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Babyish
Baddish
Baffled
Baleful
Balking
Balkish
Ballast
Balneal
Balsamy
Baneful
Banging
Bardish
Barfing
Barocco
Baroque
Barytic
Bashful
Basilar
Basilic
Basinal
Basined
Bathyal
Batwing
Beamful
Beaming
Beamish
Bearded
Bearing
Bearish
Beastly
Bedewed
Bedfast
Bedless
Bedouin
Beechen
Beggary
Belgian
Beloved
Bemused
Bengali
Benthal
Benzoic
Bernese
Berried
Berserk
Bestial
Biaural
Bibasic
Bibless
Bicched
Bifocal
Biggish
Biliary
Billowy
Bilobed
Bimetal
Bimodal
Bipedal
Birchen
Bittern
Bivious
Bizarre
Bizonal
Blanket
Blaring
Blasted
Blatant
Blazing
Blessed
Blissom
Blotchy
Blowzed
Blueish
Boarish
Bobbish
Bodeful
Boletic
Bombast
Bondage
Boolean
Booming
Boorish
Bootleg
Borable
Boracic
Boronic
Bosnian
Botched
Bothnic
Bowable
Boylike
Braided
Braised
Braless
Branchy
Braying
Breachy
Breaded
Brickle
Bridgey
Briered
Brimful
Brinish
British
Brittle
Brumous
Brusque
Brutish
Bubonic
Buckish
Budding
Buffoon
Bugbear
Buglike
Bulbous
Bulging
Bulimic
Bullish
Buoyant
Burghal
Burmese
Burundi
Butyric
Buxeous

8 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Babbling
Babelike
Backless
Backmost
Backward
Baconian
Bactrian
Baffling
Bahamian
Bailable
Balanced
Balearic
Balletic
Banausic
Bandaged
Bankable
Bankrupt
Baptized
Barbaric
Barnlike
Baronial
Basaltic
Baseborn
Baseless
Basidial
Basihyal
Basilary
Basylous
Batavian
Bathetic
Bauxitic
Bavarian
Bayesian
Beadlike
Beakless
Beaklike
Beamless
Bearable
Beardown
Beatable
Beavered
Becalmed
Becoming
Bedaubed
Bedimmed
Befogged
Befouled
Beggable
Begrimed
Beheaded
Beholden
Belching
Beltlike
Bendable
Beneaped
Beninese
Benumbed
Benzylic
Beplumed
Bepuffed
Bereaved
Bermudan
Besprent
Betrayed
Biblical
Bibulous
Bicaudal
Biconvex
Bicrural
Biddable
Bidental
Biennial
Biferous
Biforked
Biforous
Bijugous
Bilabial
Bilinear
Bimanous
Bimanual
Bimedial
Bimensal
Binaural
Bindable
Biparous
Biradial
Biramous
Birdlike
Biscayan
Biserial
Bisexual
Blackish
Bladdery
Blameful
Blasting
Blendous
Blenniid
Blighted
Blissful
Blockish
Blooming
Blotless
Blubbery
Bluntish
Blushful
Blushing
Boastful
Boatable
Bodleian
Boeotian
Bogglish
Bohemian
Boistous
Bolivian
Bondable
Boobyish
Bookable
Bootless
Boracous
Bordeaux
Bothnian
Bouncing
Brachial
Brackish
Bracteal
Bragless
Brainish
Brambled
Brattish
Brawling
Breasted
Breathed
Breeched
Breeding
Breviped
Briarean
Bribable
Brimless
Bristled
Bruneian
Bryozoan
Bubaline
Buccinal
Bullocky
Bullying
Bumbling
Bungling
Burletta
Burnable
Burrlike
Bursting
Bushless
Buskined
Bustling
Butyrous

9 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Baboonish
Babylonic
Bacchanal
Bacchical
Backboned
Badgeless
Ballooned
Balsamous
Balzacian
Barbadian
Barbarian
Barbarous
Barbecued
Barbequed
Barnacled
Basifixed
Basilical
Basipetal
Battleful
Beardless
Beastlike
Beatified
Beauteous
Beautiful
Beckoning
Bedazzled
Bedridden
Befitting
Befuddled
Bejeweled
Bell-like
Bellyless
Bengalese
Benighted
Benignant
Benthamic
Berrylike
Beseeming
Betrothed
Bewitched
Bewrought
Bibacious
Bibliotic
Bicallous
Bicameral
Bicipital
Bickering
Biconcave
Bicornous
Bifarious
Biflorous
Bifurcous
Bigeminal
Bigeneric
Bilateral
Biliteral
Bimembral
Bioactive
Biogenous
Birthless
Bismuthal
Bisulcous
Biventral
Blackened
Bladelike
Blameless
Blastemal
Blastemic
Blighting
Blindfold
Blissless
Blitheful
Blocklike
Blood-red
Bloomless
Blue-eyed
Blushless
Boardable
Boastless
Bodacious
Bogartian
Bolognese
Bolstered
Bombproof
Bosporian
Botanical
Botulinal
Boughless
Boundless
Bounteous
Bountiful
Bourgeois
Bournless
Bowelless
Bractless
Brahmanic
Brahminic
Brainless
Brainsick
Branchial
Brasslike
Brazilian
Breadless
Breakable
Breakaway
Breakneck
Bregmatic
Bribeless
Briefless
Brillante
Brilliant
Britannic
Bronchial
Brunonian
Bugginess
Bulgarian
Bullantic
Bullfaced
Bumpkinly
Bumptious
Burlesque
Burundian

10 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Babylonian
Bacchantic
Baldheaded
Balneatory
Balustered
Baptizable
Barmecidal
Barometric
Basiscopic
Batrachian
Batrachoid
Beaconless
Beatifical
Bedraggled
Beforehand
Behavioral
Behindhand
Behooveful
Belarusian
Belemnitic
Belgravian
Believable
Beneficial
Berkeleian
Bestraught
Bestubbled
Bettermost
Better-off
Bewailable
Bewildered
Biangulous
Bicapsular
Bicipitous
Bicorporal
Bighearted
Bigmouthed
Biliferous
Bimestrial
Bimetallic
Binominous
Biological
Biomedical
Bionomical
Bioplasmic
Biparietal
Bipartible
Bipetalous
Bipunctate
Bipunctual
Bishoplike
Bismuthous
Bissextile
Bite-sized
Bituminous
Blistering
Blithesome
Blottesque
Blundering
Blustering
Boisterous
Bombylious
Boneheaded
Bonnetless
Boswellian
Botryoidal
Bounderish
Brachyural
Branchless
Brassbound
Breastless
Breathable
Breathless
Brecciated
Breezeless
Bridgeable
Bridgeless
Brigandish
Bright-red
Brightsome
Brown-eyed
Bryophytic
Buddhistic
Bulbaceous
Bullheaded
Bullnecked
Bunglesome
Burdenless
Burdensome
Burgeoning

11 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Babylonical
Bacciferous
Baccivorous
Balanceable
Baptistical
Barbaresque
Barbigerous
Barycentric
Belligerent
Benedictive
Beneficiary
Beneficient
Benzoinated
Betulaceous
Bewhiskered
Bezoartical
Bibliopegic
Bicephalous
Bichromated
Bimillenial
Biochemical
Biomagnetic
Bipyramidal
Bisectional
Bittersweet
Bladderlike
Blameworthy
Blasphemous
Blastematic
Blastomeric
Blastoporal
Blastoporic
Bleary-eyed
Blue-ribbon
Bombycinous
Bonapartean
Bootlicking
Boragineous
Brachyceral
Brachyurous
Brahminical
Brainwashed
Brazenfaced
Breadthless
Bright-eyed
Bristlelike
Brotherlike
Bryological
Burglarious
Butyraceous

12 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Bacchanalian
Bad-tempered
Balaniferous
Beethovenian
Belletristic
Bequeathable
Bespectacled
Bibliophilic
Bibliothecal
Bicarbureted
Bicentennial
Biographical
Biopsychical
Bipinnatifid
Birefringent
Blastocoelic
Blastodermic
Blastophoral
Blastophoric
Blennogenous
Bloodstained
Bloodsucking
Bloodthirsty
Bootylicious
Brachycranic
Brachytypous
Breathtaking
Brevirostral
Bromoiodized
Bushwhacking
Businesslike

13 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Baccalaureate
Basioccipital
Bathymetrical
Behavioristic
Beneficential
Bibliolatrous
Bibliological
Bicylindrical
Bidirectional
Bignoniaceous
Biodegradable
Birectangular
Blastocarpous
Blastogenetic
Blastomycotic
Blastospheric
Bone-crushing
Boraginaceous
Brachiopodous
Brachycranial
Brachypterous
Brassicaceous
Bromeliaceous
Bronchoscopic

14 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Belletristical
Bibliomaniacal
Bibliopegistic
Bismuthiferous
Bituminiferous
Blabbermouthed
Blandiloquious
Blastodermatic
Blood-curdling
Borraginaceous
Brachycephalic
Brachydactylic
Brachydiagonal
Branchiopodous
Branchiostegal
Broken-hearted
Bureaucratical

15 Letter Adjectives That Start With B

Batrachophagous
Biantheriferous
Bibliographical
Bibliothecarial
Biogeographical
Boustrophedonic
Brachycephalous
Brachydactylous
Branchiostegous

Top 100 Adjectives That Start With B (Sorted Alphabetically)

1. Bad

Meaning: Inferior in quality; not good.

Example: She thought the movie was bad compared to the book.

2. Baffling

Meaning: Hard to understand or solve; perplexing.

Example: His behavior was completely baffling to everyone.

3. Bald

Meaning: Lacking hair on the head.

Example: He had a bald patch on the back of his head.

4. Baleful

Meaning: Threatening harm or evil.

Example: The cat gave a baleful glare to the intruding dog.

5. Banal

Meaning: So common as to be boring; trite.

Example: The speech was filled with banal clichés.

6. Barren

Meaning: Unable to produce or support growth.

Example: The barren land was unsuitable for farming.

7. Buff

Meaning: A person who is enthusiastic and knowledgeable about a subject.

Example: He’s a film buff who has seen thousands of movies.

8. Basic

Meaning: Fundamental or essential.

Example: He needs to improve his basic skills in mathematics.

9. Batty

Meaning: Crazy or eccentric.

Example: His ideas are a bit batty, but they sometimes work.

10. Bulging

Meaning: Swelling or protruding outwards.

Example: The suitcase was bulging with clothes.

11. Beautiful

Meaning: Pleasing to the eye or mind aesthetically.

Example: The sunset over the ocean was incredibly beautiful.

12. Bellicose

Meaning: Demonstrating aggression or willingness to fight.

Example: The bellicose nation was always ready for war.

13. Belligerent

Meaning: Hostile or aggressive.

Example: His belligerent attitude made discussions difficult.

14. Beneficial

Meaning: Resulting in good; favorable or advantageous.

Example: Eating vegetables is beneficial to your health.

15. Benevolent

Meaning: Showing kindness or goodwill.

Example: The benevolent old man donated to many charities.

16. Benign

Meaning: Gentle; not harmful.

Example: The tumor was benign and not a threat to her health.

17. Bent

Meaning: Determinedly set in a particular direction.

Example: She was bent on completing her novel by the end of the year.

18. Bitter

Meaning: Having a sharp, pungent taste; showing strong hostility.

Example: He felt a bitter taste from the medicine.

19. Bizarre

Meaning: Very strange or unusual.

Example: He wore a bizarre outfit to the party.

20. Black

Meaning: Of the very darkest color; the absence of light.

Example: The room was pitch black without any lights on.

21. Blameless

Meaning: Free from blame; innocent.

Example: She was blameless in the entire situation.

22. Blaring

Meaning: Making a loud, harsh noise.

Example: The blaring music made it hard to concentrate.

23. Blatant

Meaning: Completely obvious, especially in an offensive manner.

Example: His lies were blatant and easily detected.

24. Bleak

Meaning: Lacking vegetation and exposed to the elements.

Example: The bleak landscape was a stark contrast to the lush forest.

25. Blissful

Meaning: Extremely happy; full of joy.

Example: She had a blissful day at the spa.

26. Bloated

Meaning: Swollen or puffed up.

Example: After eating too much, he felt bloated.

27. Blond

Meaning: Having fair hair or complexion.

Example: The blond child played happily on the beach.

28. Blue

Meaning: Color of the sky on a clear day; feeling sad.

Example: She felt a bit blue after the sad movie.

29. Blunt

Meaning: Having a broad or rounded end; straightforward.

Example: He was known for his blunt feedback.

30. Blurred

Meaning: Not clear or distinct.

Example: The photo was blurred because he moved the camera.

31. Boastful

Meaning: Expressing excessive pride in oneself.

Example: He was boastful about his achievements.

32. Boisterous

Meaning: Noisy, energetic, and cheerful.

Example: The boisterous crowd cheered for their team.

33. Bold

Meaning: Showing the ability to take risks; confident.

Example: Her bold move won her the game.

34. Bountiful

Meaning: Plentiful or abundant.

Example: The harvest was bountiful this year.

35. Brave

Meaning: Showing courage.

Example: The brave firefighter saved the child from the burning building.

36. Brazen

Meaning: Bold and without shame.

Example: He made a brazen attempt to cheat in front of the teacher.

37. Breezy

Meaning: Relatively windy; carefree and casual.

Example: It was a breezy day at the beach.

38. Brief

Meaning: Lasting only a short time.

Example: He made a brief visit to the town.

39. Bright

Meaning: Emitting or reflecting light; intelligent.

Example: She’s a bright student with a promising future.

40. Brilliant

Meaning: Exceptionally clever or talented; shining brightly.

Example: The diamonds were brilliant under the light.

41. Brittle

Meaning: Hard but liable to break easily.

Example: The old book’s pages were brittle with age.

42. Broad

Meaning: Having a great extent from side to side.

Example: The river was quite broad at this point.

43. Broken

Meaning: Having been fractured or damaged.

Example: The vase was broken into many pieces.

44. Brusque

Meaning: Abrupt in manner or speech.

Example: Her brusque reply caught him off-guard.

45. Brutal

Meaning: Savagely violent; direct and lacking any attempt to disguise unpleasantness.

Example: The movie depicted brutal combat scenes.

46. Bubbly

Meaning: Full of cheerful high spirits; effervescent.

Example: She had a bubbly personality that everyone loved.

47. Bulky

Meaning: Taking up much space; large in volume.

Example: The package was too bulky to carry on the bus.

48. Bumbling

Meaning: Acting in a confused or ineffectual way; clumsy.

Example: The bumbling detective always missed the obvious clues.

49. Buoyant

Meaning: Able to float; cheerful and optimistic.

Example: His buoyant spirit kept the team motivated.

50. Burdensome

Meaning: Causing difficulty or discomfort.

Example: The large backpack was burdensome on the long hike.

51. Burly

Meaning: Large and strong; heavily built.

Example: The burly man easily lifted the heavy boxes.

52. Bustling

Meaning: Busy with activity.

Example: The market was bustling with shoppers.

53. Buttery

Meaning: Resembling, containing, or spread with butter.

Example: The freshly baked bread had a soft, buttery texture.

54. Buoyed

Meaning: Supported or kept afloat.

Example: He was buoyed by the good news.

55. Bygone

Meaning: Belonging to an earlier time; past.

Example: In bygone days, communication took weeks or even months.

56. Byzantine

Meaning: Excessively complex and intricate.

Example: The plot of the novel was so byzantine that it was hard to follow.

57. Babbling

Meaning: Talking rapidly and continuously in a foolish or excited way.

Example: The excited toddler was babbling about his day at the park.

58. Balanced

Meaning: Keeping or showing a balance; in good proportions.

Example: A balanced diet is crucial for good health.

59. Barbaric

Meaning: Savagely cruel; exceedingly brutal.

Example: The barbaric practices of ancient civilizations can be shocking.

60. Bare

Meaning: Without covering or clothing; simple and unadorned.

Example: The bare walls needed some decoration.

61. Baroque

Meaning: Relating to a style of European architecture, music, and art in the 17th and 18th centuries.

Example: The cathedral is a fine example of baroque architecture.

62. Bashful

Meaning: Reluctant to draw attention to oneself; shy.

Example: She gave a bashful smile when complimented.

63. Bawdy

Meaning: Dealing with sexual matters in a comical way.

Example: The comedian’s bawdy jokes made some people uncomfortable.

64. Beauteous

Meaning: Beautiful, especially to the sight.

Example: The beauteous painting captured everyone’s attention.

65. Becoming

Meaning: Flattering a person’s appearance.

Example: The dress was very becoming on her.

66. Bedraggled

Meaning: Dirty and disheveled.

Example: After the rainstorm, the travelers looked bedraggled.

67. Befuddled

Meaning: Make someone unable to think clearly.

Example: The complex math problem left him befuddled.

68. Beguiling

Meaning: Charming or enchanting, often in a deceptive way.

Example: The salesman had a beguiling manner.

69. Belated

Meaning: Coming or happening later than should have been the case.

Example: He sent a belated birthday card.

70. Beleaguered

Meaning: Put in a very difficult situation.

Example: The beleaguered team struggled to finish the project on time.

71. Beloved

Meaning: Loved very much; dearly loved.

Example: The beloved family dog was missed by everyone.

72. Bemused

Meaning: Puzzled, confused, or bewildered.

Example: His unexpected gift left her bemused.

73. Benighted

Meaning: In a state of pitiful or contemptible intellectual or moral ignorance.

Example: He considered them benighted for not sharing his views.

74. Bestial

Meaning: Savagely cruel and wicked.

Example: The villain in the movie had a bestial nature.

75. Bewildered

Meaning: Causing someone to be perplexed and confused.

Example: He was bewildered by her sudden change of heart.

76. Bewitching

Meaning: Enchanting or delightful.

Example: Her bewitching voice captivated the audience.

77. Bitter

Meaning: Showing deep-seated resentment or anger.

Example: He felt bitter about his early retirement.

78. Bittersweet

Meaning: Both pleasant and painful or regretful.

Example: The farewell was a bittersweet moment for everyone.

79. Blithe

Meaning: Showing a casual and cheerful indifference.

Example: She had a blithe disregard for the rules.

80. Blooming

Meaning: Flourishing or thriving healthily.

Example: The garden was blooming with colorful flowers.

81. Bodacious

Meaning: Excellent, admirable, or attractive.

Example: Her bodacious performance won her the award.

82. Bogus

Meaning: Not genuine or true; fake.

Example: The jewelry turned out to be bogus and not real gold.

83. Boorish

Meaning: Rude and insensitive in manner or behavior.

Example: His boorish comments offended many people.

84. Boundless

Meaning: Unlimited or immense.

Example: Her boundless energy amazed everyone.

85. Bovine

Meaning: Relating to or affecting cattle.

Example: The disease was found to be bovine in origin.

86. Boxed

Meaning: Enclosed or confined in a space or system.

Example: He felt boxed in by the strict rules.

87. Boyish

Meaning: Characteristic of a young boy; youthful.

Example: He had a boyish charm that was infectious.

88. Brackish

Meaning: Slightly salty, as in the mixture of river water and seawater.

Example: The brackish water wasn’t suitable for drinking.

89. Bragging

Meaning: Excessively proud and boastful talk about one’s achievements.

Example: He kept bragging about his new car.

90. Brainy

Meaning: Intelligent; clever.

Example: The brainy student always had an answer to the teacher’s questions.

91. Brand-new

Meaning: Absolutely new; recently created or introduced.

Example: She bought a brand-new dress for the party.

92. Brash

Meaning: Self-assertive in a rude way; bold.

Example: His brash attitude often got him into trouble.

93. Breathless

Meaning: Out of breath; having difficulty catching one’s breath.

Example: After the race, she was breathless and exhausted.

94. Breathtaking

Meaning: Astonishing or awe-inspiring.

Example: The view from the mountaintop was breathtaking.

95. Brevity

Meaning: Shortness of time or duration.

Example: He was known for the brevity of his speeches.

96. Bridled

Meaning: Show resentment or anger.

Example: She bridled at the insinuation that she was lying.

97. Brisk

Meaning: Active, fast, and energetic.

Example: He set a brisk pace during the morning run.

98. Brittle

Meaning: Hard but likely to break or shatter easily.

Example: The dry cookie was very brittle.

99. Broody

Meaning: Thoughtful or moody; wanting to have a baby.

Example: The hen became broody and started nesting.

100. Bucolic

Meaning: Relating to the countryside or rural life.

Example: The painting depicted a bucolic landscape with grazing sheep.

Adjectives that start with B to Describe a Person

Some most common adjectives which are used to describe a person positively and negatively are listed below.

Babbling
Baby
Background
Backhanded
Bacterial
Bad
Bad-tempered
Baffled
Baffling
Bald
Balding
Balmy
Bandaged
Banging
Bankable
Banned
Bantering
Barbaric
Barbarous
Barbequed
Barefooted
Barking
Barren
Bashful
Basic
Battered
Batty
Bawling
Beady
Beaming
Bearable
Beautiful
Beckoning
Bedazzled
Bedazzling
Beefy
Beeping
Befitting
Befuddled
Beginning
Belching
Believable
Bellicose
Belligerent
Bellowing
Bendable
Beneficial
Benevolent
Benign
Bent
Berserk
Best
Betrayed
Better
Betteroff
Better-late-than-never
Bewildered
Bewildering
Bewitched
Bewitching

Positive Adjectives that Start with B

What are positive adjectives starting with B? Some common and important positive adjectives starting with B that are commonly used in English are:

Biased
Biblical
Big
Big-city
Bigger
Biggest
Big-headed
Bighearted
Bigoted
Bilingual
Billable
Billowy
Binary
Binding
Bioactive
Biodegradable
Biographical
Bite-sized
Biting
Bitter
Bizarre
Black
Black-and-blue
Blamable
Blameless
Bland
Blank
Blaring
Blasphemous
Blatant
Blazing
Bleached
Bleak
Bleary
Bleary-eyed
Blessed
Blind
Blindfolded
Blinding
Blissful
Blistering
Bloated
Blonde
Bloodied
Blood-red
Bloodthirsty
Bloody
Blooming
Blossoming
Blue
Blundering
Blunt
Blurred
Blurry
Blushing
Boastful
Bodacious
Bohemian
Boiling
Boisterous

Negative Adjectives that Start with B

What are negative adjectives starting with B? Some common and important negative adjectives starting with B that are commonly used in English are: