Learning science involves not just understanding concepts but also familiarizing oneself with the specific vocabulary used in scientific discussions. For English as a Second Language (ESL) students, building a solid foundation in science vocabulary is essential for academic success and effective communication in the scientific community.
This guide is designed to introduce ESL students to key science vocabulary words with meaning, spanning from A to Z. Each word is carefully selected to cover various subjects of science, providing a comprehensive glossary that will aid in understanding scientific texts, engaging in discussions, and expressing scientific ideas more confidently and accurately.
Whether you’re a beginner or looking to expand your existing science vocabulary, this list will be a valuable resource in your journey of learning and exploring the world of science.
Science Words A to Z
Here is the list of a to z science words:
A – B – C – D – E – F – G – H – I – J – K – L – M –
N – O – P – Q – R – S – T – U – V – W – X – Y – Z
Science Words Starting With A:
| Words | Meanings |
| Anatomy | Study of body structure |
| Astrophysics | Study of celestial bodies |
| Aerodynamics | Science of air movement |
| Abiotic | Non-living environmental factors |
| Amino acid | Building blocks of proteins |
| Alkaline | Having basic properties |
| Antibody | Immune system protein |
| Amphibian | Dual-life stage animals |
| Autotroph | Self-feeding organism |
| Algorithm | Step-by-step problem-solving procedure |
| Acoustics | Study of sound |
| Atomic | Related to atoms |
| Anthropology | Study of human societies |
| Acid rain | Polluted, acidic precipitation |
| Antigen | Substance triggering immune response |
| Agroecology | Study of ecological agriculture |
| Asymmetry | Lack of symmetry |
| Aerobic | Requiring oxygen |
| Adenosine | Nucleoside in DNA, RNA |
| Aqueous | Water-containing |
| Atomization | Conversion into small particles |
| Amorphous | Without definite shape |
| Agroforestry | Agriculture with tree farming |
| Ablation | Removal or melting away |
| Adiabatic | Process without heat transfer |
| Alkaloid | Nitrogen-containing organic compounds |
| Aperture | Opening controlling light passage |
| Albedo | Reflectivity of a surface |
| Anthocyanin | Pigment in plants |
| Allograft | Transplant from another individual |
Science Words Starting With B:
| Biotechnology | Technology using biological systems |
| Botany | Study of plants |
| Biochemistry | Chemistry of living organisms |
| Biodiversity | Variety of life forms |
| Biomass | Total mass of organisms |
| Biomechanics | Mechanics in biological systems |
| Biosphere | Earth’s life-supporting layer |
| Brainwave | Brain’s electrical activity |
| Biotic | Living or once-living organisms |
| Ballistics | Study of projectiles |
| Bioremediation | Use of organisms for cleanup |
| Baryon | Heavy subatomic particles |
| Binary | Involving two components |
| Barometer | Instrument measuring atmospheric pressure |
| Benthos | Organisms in water bottoms |
| Bioinformatics | Biology with computational analysis |
| Biopsy | Tissue examination for diagnosis |
| Birefringence | Double refraction in materials |
| Bioluminescence | Light from living organisms |
| Biotin | Vitamin B7 |
| Bouyancy | Ability to float |
| Brackish | Slightly salty water |
| Bacteriophage | Virus infecting bacteria |
| Beta particle | High-energy electron or positron |
| Beta decay | Radioactive decay process |
| Bose-Einstein condensate | State of matter |
| Blood pressure | Force of circulating blood |
| Black hole | Space with strong gravity |
| Blastula | Early embryonic stage |
| B lymphocyte | White blood cell type |
Science Words Starting With C:
| Chemistry | Science of matter properties |
| Cell Biology | Study of cell structure, function |
| Carbon cycle | Earth’s carbon exchange process |
| Climate change | Long-term weather pattern shifts |
| Chromosome | DNA-containing cell structure |
| Catastrophism | Sudden geological changes |
| Cytoskeleton | Cell’s structural framework |
| Chlorophyll | Green pigment in plants |
| Continental drift | Movement of Earth’s continents |
| Convection | Heat transfer via fluid movement |
| Cosmology | Study of the universe |
| Clone | Genetic copy of an organism |
| Capillary action | Liquid movement in narrow spaces |
| Crustacean | Hard-shelled aquatic animals |
| Carcinogen | Cancer-causing substance |
| Cation | Positively charged ion |
| Cryogenics | Study of low temperatures |
| Covalent bond | Chemical bond sharing electrons |
| Carbon dating | Age determination using carbon-14 |
| Carnivore | Meat-eating organism |
| Centrifugal force | Outward force in rotation |
| Chemosynthesis | Chemical energy-based life production |
| Cephalopod | Marine mollusks like squid |
| Calcification | Accumulation of calcium salts |
| Chemical equilibrium | Balanced chemical reactions |
| Climatology | Study of climate |
| Convergent evolution | Similar trait evolution in unrelated species |
| Chitin | Polysaccharide in arthropod exoskeletons |
| Cyclotron | Particle accelerator |
| Catabolism | Breakdown of complex molecules |
Science Words Starting With D:
| DNA | Genetic material |
| Data mining | Extracting information from data |
| Diode | Electronic component allowing current flow |
| Dark matter | Unseen, gravitational matter |
| Doppler effect | Wave frequency change with movement |
| Dendrite | Neuron’s signal-receiving branch |
| Dichotomy | Division into two parts |
| Digestion | Food breakdown process |
| Diurnal | Daily or daytime activity |
| Decibel | Sound intensity unit |
| Diffraction | Wave bending around obstacles |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid | Full form of DNA |
| DNA sequencing | Determining DNA’s exact sequence |
| Depolarization | Loss of electrical charge difference |
| Divergent evolution | Different trait evolution in related species |
| Deciduous | Seasonally shedding leaves |
| Diaphragm | Muscle aiding in breathing |
| Dopamine | Neurotransmitter in the brain |
| Divergence | Moving or evolving apart |
| Dihybrid | Involving two genetic traits |
| Drosophila | Fruit fly, genetic study subject |
| Dinosaurs | Extinct, large reptiles |
| Decidability | Problem’s solvability |
| Diamagnetism | Material repelling magnetic fields |
| Dendrochronology | Tree ring-based dating |
| Dialectic | Logical argumentation method |
| Dispersion | Spread of light or particles |
| Desalination | Removing salt from water |
| Desiccation | Drying out or dehydration |
| Diurnal rhythm | Day-night activity cycle |
Science Words Starting With E:
| Ecology | Study of organisms’ environments |
| Evolution | Species’ gradual change over time |
| Earthquake | Sudden Earth crust movement |
| Electromagnetic | Relating to electromagnetism |
| Embryology | Study of embryos |
| Ecosystem | Interacting organisms and environment |
| Enzyme | Biological catalysts |
| Entropy | Disorder or randomness measure |
| Electronegativity | Atom’s electron attracting ability |
| Eros | Earth surface wearing away |
| Electron microscopy | High-resolution microscopy using electrons |
| Ecological footprint | Impact measure on environment |
| Equilibrium | State of balance |
| Electrolysis | Chemical decomposition by electricity |
| Electrophoresis | Molecules’ movement in electric field |
| Endothermic | Absorbing heat |
| Eutrophication | Excess nutrient-caused water body enrichment |
| Electron transport chain | Cellular energy production process |
| Epigenetics | Study of gene expression changes |
| Echolocation | Using sound to locate objects |
| Exoplanet | Planet outside solar system |
| Exponential growth | Increasingly rapid growth |
| Exoskeleton | External skeleton |
| Electron configuration | Electrons’ arrangement in atom |
| Electrocardiogram | Heart electrical activity recording |
| Evolutionary biology | Study of organisms’ evolution |
| Excitatory | Stimulating nerve cell activity |
| Emission spectrum | Emitted light spectrum |
| Extrapolation | Estimating beyond known data |
| Epidemiology | Study of disease spread |
Science Words Starting With F:
| Fossil | Preserved ancient organism remains |
| Fermentation | Microbial organic substance breakdown |
| Fusion | Joining atomic nuclei |
| Friction | Resistance to motion |
| Fluorescence | Light emission after absorption |
| Force | Physical influence causing motion |
| Food web | Organisms’ feeding relationships |
| Fluid mechanics | Study of fluids motion |
| Frequency | Occurrence rate per unit time |
| Forensic science | Science in criminal investigation |
| Fauna | Animal life in a region |
| Feedback | Response influencing future action |
| Fahrenheit | Temperature scale |
| Faraday’s law | Electromagnetic induction principle |
| Flora | Plant life in a region |
| Finite element analysis | Numerical method for solving physical problems |
| Fourier series | Function decomposition into frequencies |
| Focal length | Distance for sharp image focus |
| Fission | Splitting atomic nuclei |
| Field | Physical quantity in space area |
| Fibroblast | Connective tissue cell |
| Fluoride | Fluorine ion |
| Fossil fuel | Ancient biological matter-based fuel |
| Fluorine | Chemical element F |
| Fungus | Spore-producing organisms |
| Fluid dynamics | Study of fluid motion |
| Fractal | Complex geometric patterns |
| Free energy | Energy available for work |
| Fuel cell | Device converting chemical energy to electricity |
| Filtration | Separating solids from fluids |
Science Words Starting With G:
| Genetics | Study of heredity |
| Geology | Study of Earth’s composition |
| Gravity | Force attracting masses |
| Glucose | Simple sugar |
| Gene | DNA segment encoding traits |
| Genome | Organism’s complete genetic material |
| Gamma rays | High-energy electromagnetic radiation |
| Genetics engineering | Genetic material modification |
| Greenhouse effect | Warming of Earth’s surface |
| Gas chromatography | Gas-based substance separation |
| Galvanometer | Instrument measuring electric current |
| Geothermal | Earth’s internal heat |
| Gaseous state | Matter in gas form |
| Gene expression | Gene’s functional manifestation |
| Gas law | Gas pressure, volume, temperature relations |
| Geocentric | Earth-centered |
| Genetic variation | Genetic diversity in population |
| Gene therapy | Disease treatment using genes |
| Germ theory | Diseases caused by microorganisms |
| Geodesy | Earth’s shape, size, gravitational field study |
| Gravitational wave | Space-time ripples |
| Genome sequencing | Determining entire DNA sequence |
| Gas exchange | Gases transfer in respiration |
| Geomorphology | Study of landforms |
| Genetic code | DNA and RNA instructions |
| Genotype | Genetic makeup of an organism |
| Green chemistry | Environment-friendly chemical practices |
| Genetic algorithm | Problem-solving using natural selection |
| Gene pool | Genetic diversity in population |
| Genetic drift | Random genetic variation changes |
Science Words Starting With H:
| Hydrogen | Lightest chemical element |
| Hormone | Regulatory substance in organisms |
| Hypothesis | Proposed explanation for phenomena |
| Helix | Spiral shape |
| Hemoglobin | Oxygen-carrying protein in blood |
| Hydrology | Study of water movement |
| Hybridization | Genetic cross-breeding |
| Heat | Energy form causing temperature rise |
| Habitat | Organism’s natural environment |
| Hydrothermal | Relating to hot water |
| Hybridoma | Hybrid cells for antibodies |
| Homeostasis | Internal condition stability |
| Hydroponics | Soil-less plant cultivation |
| Heterogeneous | Composed of different elements |
| Helicase | Enzyme unwinding DNA |
| Hydrophobic | Water-repelling |
| Hydrocarbon | Compounds of hydrogen and carbon |
| Haploid | Single set of chromosomes |
| Heredity | Genetic information transfer |
| Hemispheric | Relating to a hemisphere |
| Histology | Study of tissues |
| Heterotroph | Organism consuming others for nutrients |
| Hydrodynamic | Study of fluids in motion |
| Hydrolysis | Chemical breakdown with water |
| Hyperthermia | Excessively high body temperature |
| Heterozygous | Different alleles at a gene |
| Hydrophilic | Water-attracting |
| Hominid | Human and related species |
| Heat transfer | Thermal energy movement |
| Hyperplasia | Increased cell number |
Science Words Starting With I:
| Inertia | Resistance to motion change |
| Infrared | Beyond red light spectrum |
| Insulin | Hormone regulating blood sugar |
| In vitro | Outside a living organism |
| Ionization | Adding or removing electrons |
| Interference | Overlap of waves |
| Isotope | Atoms with same number of protons, different neutrons |
| Induction | Generating an electric current |
| Immunology | Study of immune system |
| Immune system | Body’s defense against pathogens |
| In situ | In original place |
| Inoculation | Introducing antigen for immunity |
| Interferometry | Technique using wave interference |
| Invertebrate | Animals without backbones |
| Inorganic | Not organic, without carbon |
| Inverse square law | Intensity inversely proportional to distance squared |
| Isolation | Separation from others |
| Ionic bond | Attraction between ions |
| Inversion | Position or condition reversal |
| Interstitial | Relating to small spaces |
| Immunosuppressant | Drug reducing immune response |
| Insolation | Sunlight exposure |
| Intracellular | Within cells |
| Interpolation | Estimating within known values |
| Isentropic | Constant entropy process |
| Intravenous | Within or into a vein |
| Ion chromatography | Analyzing ionic components |
| Ion exchange | Ions swapped between solutions |
| Ionosphere | Earth’s upper atmosphere layer |
| Isostasy | Earth’s crust equilibrium |
Science Words Starting With J:
| Joule | Energy unit |
| Juncture | Point of time |
| Jet stream | High-altitude air currents |
| Juxtaposition | Placing things side by side |
| Jurassic | Geologic time period |
Science Words Starting With K:
| Kinetic energy | Energy in motion |
| Kepler’s laws | Planetary motion laws |
| Krebs cycle | Cellular respiration |
| Krebs cycle | Cellular respiration process |
| Karyotype | Chromosome number and appearance |
| Kinase | Enzyme modifying proteins |
Science Words Starting With L:
| Light | Electromagnetic radiation visible to eyes |
| Lithosphere | Earth’s solid outer layer |
| Latitude | Geographic coordinate (north-south) |
| Luminosity | Brightness of a celestial object |
| Leukocyte | White blood cell |
| Life cycle | Organism’s life stages |
| Lysosome | Cell’s waste disposal organelle |
| Laser | Light amplification by stimulated emission |
| Limnology | Study of inland waters |
| Longitudinal | Lengthwise direction |
| Luminiferous | Emitting light |
| Linear | Straight-line related |
| Leptons | Elementary particles, e.g., electron |
| Life span | Duration of organism’s life |
| Ligand | Molecule binding to another |
| Lunar | Relating to the moon |
| Lattice | Regular, repeating structure |
| Lymphocyte | Type of white blood cell |
| Lens | Light converging or diverging component |
| Lichen | Symbiotic algae and fungi |
| Law of conservation of energy | Energy neither created nor destroyed |
| Larynx | Voice box in throat |
| Lipid | Fats and fat-like substances |
| Luminance | Brightness of an object |
| Liquefaction | Solid becoming liquid |
| Lacrimal | Relating to tears |
| Laminar | Smooth, layered flow |
| Lactation | Milk production in mammals |
| Luminescence | Light emission not from heat |
Science Words Starting With M:
| Magnetism | Attraction or repulsion forces |
| Molecule | Group of atoms bonded together |
| Mitosis | Cell division in eukaryotes |
| Microorganism | Microscopic organism |
| Microscope | Instrument for viewing tiny objects |
| Mineral | Naturally occurring inorganic solid |
| Meteorology | Study of weather and atmosphere |
| Mutation | Change in DNA sequence |
| Membrane | Thin, flexible barrier |
| Myocardium | Heart muscle |
| Mammal | Warm-blooded, fur-covered vertebrates |
| Mass | Amount of matter in object |
| Momentum | Mass in motion |
| Meiosis | Cell division for sexual reproduction |
| Macromolecule | Large complex molecule |
| Mesosphere | Earth’s atmosphere layer |
| Microbiology | Study of microorganisms |
| Molecular biology | Study of biological molecules |
| Myelin | Nerve fiber insulating layer |
| Meteorite | Space rock hitting Earth |
| Melting point | Temperature for solid to liquid |
| Molecular mass | Mass of a molecule |
| Mycology | Study of fungi |
| Mucous | Viscous secretion |
| Magnetic field | Magnetic force area |
| Monoculture | Single crop cultivation |
| Motor neuron | Nerve cell triggering muscle action |
| Myopia | Nearsightedness |
| Metamorphosis | Dramatic form change in organisms |
| Mycorrhiza | Fungus-root symbiosis |
Science Words Starting With N:
| Nuclear | Relating to nucleus |
| Nitrogen | Chemical element N |
| Neuroscience | Study of the nervous system |
| Newton’s laws | Motion principles |
| Neutron | Neutral subatomic particle |
| Nucleus | Atom’s central core or cell’s control center |
| Natural selection | Survival of the fittest |
| Nerve | Fiber transmitting impulses |
| Nanotechnology | Technology on molecular scale |
| Nucleotide | DNA, RNA building blocks |
| Nitrogen cycle | Nitrogen’s movement through environment |
| Neurotransmitter | Nerve signal chemical |
| Noble gas | Inert gaseous elements |
| Nanoparticle | Microscopic particle |
| Nomenclature | Naming system in science |
| Nucleoside | Nucleotide without phosphate group |
| Nephron | Kidney’s functional unit |
| Nitrate | Nitrogen compound |
| Nucleolus | Small nucleus region |
| Nucleosome | DNA-protein complex |
| Nucleoplasm | Substance in nucleus |
| Nociceptor | Pain receptor |
| Nonpolar | Not having poles |
| Nucleic acid | DNA or RNA |
| Neuromodulator | Modifies nerve cell function |
| Neurology | Study of the nervous system |
| Neap tide | Minimal tide range |
| Nucleophilic | Electron pair donor |
| Nutrient | Substance providing nourishment |
| Nucleotide sequence | DNA, RNA base order |
Science Words Starting With O:
| Organism | Individual living entity |
| Optics | Study of light properties |
| Organic | Carbon-containing compounds |
| Oxidation | Substance loses electrons |
| Oceanography | Study of oceans |
| Osmosis | Water movement through membrane |
| Ozone | Oxygen’s triatomic form |
| Observation | Act of observing |
| Organic chemistry | Study of carbon compounds |
| Orbit | Path around a celestial body |
| Osmoregulation | Controlling internal water, salt |
| Ontogeny | Development of an organism |
| Occultation | One body passing in front of another |
| Oncogene | Cancer-causing gene |
| Orthogonal | Right angles, perpendicular |
| Oviparous | Egg-laying |
| Olfactory | Relating to sense of smell |
| Oxidative phosphorylation | Energy production in cells |
| Ovary | Female reproductive organ |
| Oxide | Compound with oxygen |
| Operon | Gene cluster functioning together |
| Overlap | Extend over, cover part |
| Orogeny | Mountain formation process |
| Optical fiber | Light transmitting fiber |
| Oscillation | Back-and-forth movement |
| Oxidative stress | Damage from free radicals |
| Osteocyte | Bone cell |
| Omnivore | Eating both plants and animals |
Science Words Starting With P:
| Physics | Science of matter, energy, motion |
| Photosynthesis | Plants making food from light |
| Physiology | Study of living organisms’ functions |
| Polymer | Large molecule from repeated units |
| Protein | Essential body-building molecules |
| Periodic table | Element organization chart |
| Prokaryote | Organism without nucleus |
| Pressure | Force per area unit |
| Paleontology | Study of ancient life |
| Proton | Positive subatomic particle |
| Population | Group of the same species |
| Paleozoic | Geological time era |
| Photosystem | Light capturing complex in plants |
| Peptide | Short amino acid chain |
| Phylum | Major taxonomic group |
| Phosphorylation | Adding phosphate to molecule |
| Permeability | Ability to allow substances through |
| Plate tectonics | Earth’s surface movement theory |
| Photovoltaic | Converting light to electricity |
| Petrology | Study of rocks |
| Pheromone | Chemical signal between organisms |
| Petrochemical | Chemicals from petroleum |
| Paleoclimatology | Study of ancient climates |
| Polymorphism | Multiple forms existence |
| Polarization | Direction of light or waves |
| Phloem | Plant’s nutrient transport tissue |
| Precession | Gradual axis change in rotating body |
| Polysaccharide | Long carbohydrate molecules |
| Palindrome | Same forward and backward |
| Pyruvate | End product of glycolysis |
Science Words Starting With Q:
| Quantum mechanics | Physics of atomic and subatomic particles |
| Quasar | Extremely bright celestial object |
| Quasiparticle | Emergent phenomenon acting as a particle |
| Quaternary | Geologic time period |
| Quenching | Rapid cooling process |
Science Words Starting With R:
| Radioactivity | Spontaneous atomic nucleus emission |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid, genetic messenger |
| Respiration | Breathing or energy production |
| Reproduction | Organism creation process |
| Ribosome | Protein synthesis site in cells |
| Radiation | Energy emission as waves or particles |
| Reflex | Involuntary response to stimulus |
| Refraction | Light bending in different media |
| Replication | Copying DNA |
| Reaction | Response to stimulus |
| Redox | Oxidation-reduction chemical reactions |
| Renewable energy | Sustainably sourced power |
| Retrovirus | RNA virus replicating in a host |
| Radiometry | Measurement of electromagnetic radiation |
| Regeneration | Tissue or organ regrowth |
| Retrograde | Moving backward |
| Rheology | Study of flow and deformation |
| Rhizome | Underground plant stem |
| Ruminant | Cud-chewing animal |
| Radioactive decay | Unstable nucleus losing energy |
| RNA splicing | RNA editing process |
| Recessive | Not dominant genetic trait |
| Rhyolite | Volcanic rock |
| Rheumatology | Study of rheumatic diseases |
| Root hair | Plant root extension for absorption |
| Radiation therapy | Cancer treatment with radiation |
| Ribozyme | RNA with enzymatic activity |
| Reactor | Device for nuclear reactions |
| Radiolaria | Protozoa with silica skeletons |
| Reagent | Substance used in chemical reactions |
Science Words Starting With S:
| Solar system | Sun and its planetary system | |
| Species | Basic unit of biological classification | |
| Synthesis | Combining parts into a whole | |
| Sound | Vibrations perceived as noise | |
| Sustainability | Meeting current needs without harming future | |
| Steroid | Organic compound type | |
| System | Set of connected things or parts | |
| Sediment | Matter settling at the bottom | |
| Seismology | Study of earthquakes | |
| Substrate | Underlying substance or layer | |
| Solution | Homogeneous mixture | |
| Supernova | Star exploding dramatically | |
| Sex chromosome | Continuing from where we left off | |
| Sex chromosome | Chromosome determining sex | |
| Symbiosis | Interaction between different species | |
| Solute | Substance dissolved in another | |
| Solid | Matter with definite shape and volume | |
| Stem cell | Undifferentiated biological cell | |
| Stress | Body’s response to challenges | |
| Stratigraphy | Study of rock layers | |
| Supernatant | Liquid above a solid residue | |
| Serotonin | Neurotransmitter affecting mood | |
| Subatomic | Smaller than an atom | |
| Spectroscopy | Study of light’s interaction with matter | |
| Sulphur | Chemical element S | |
| Synapse | Junction between two nerve cells | |
| Specific gravity | Density relative to water | |
| Salinity | Salt concentration in water | |
| Splicing | RNA modification process | |
| Somatic | Relating to the body | |
| Seismic wave | Wave from earthquakes | |
Science Words Starting With T:
| Temperature | Degree of heat or cold |
| Transpiration | Water vapor release in plants |
| Trophic level | Position in a food web |
| Tissue | Group of similar cells |
| Tectonic plate | Earth’s crust section |
| Thermodynamics | Heat and energy study |
| Transcription | DNA to RNA conversion |
| Transgenic | Genetically modified organism |
| Theory | System of ideas explaining something |
| Transmembrane | Across a membrane |
| Taxonomy | Organism classification system |
| Terrestrial | Relating to Earth or land |
| Thyroid | Gland in neck, secretes hormones |
| Tidal | Relating to tides |
| Transposable element | DNA segment that can change position |
| Tumor | Abnormal tissue growth |
| Toxicology | Study of poisons |
| Torsion | Twisting force |
| Thermal | Relating to heat |
| Thrombocyte | Platelet, blood-clotting cell |
| Transverse | Lying or extending across |
| Thermoregulation | Temperature regulation in organisms |
| Thylakoid | Membrane sacs in chloroplasts |
| Topography | Earth’s surface features |
| Telomere | Chromosome end part |
| Tetrapod | Four-limbed vertebrate |
| Thermophile | Heat-loving microorganism |
| Transduction | Signal conversion from one form to another |
| Turbidity | Cloudiness in liquids |
| Trophoblast | Cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst |
Science Words Starting With U:
| Ultraviolet | Beyond violet light spectrum |
| Uracil | Nitrogen base in RNA |
| Uniformitarianism | Geological processes’ consistency over time |
| Ubiquitin | Protein regulating other proteins |
| Urease | Enzyme breaking down urea |
| Ultrasonic | Beyond human hearing sound |
| Urea | Nitrogenous compound in urine |
| Unicellular | Single-celled |
| Universe | All of space and everything in it |
| Uranium | Radioactive chemical element |
Science Words Starting With V:
| Velocity | Speed in a specific direction |
| Vector | Quantity with magnitude and direction |
| Viscosity | Fluid’s resistance to flow |
| Ventilation | Air movement into and out of space |
| Van der Waals forces | Weak molecular attractions |
| Volcano | Opening in Earth’s surface, erupts magma |
| Vestigial | Relic, no longer useful organ |
| Variation | Difference within a species |
| Vascular | Relating to blood vessels or plants’ water-conducting system |
| Valence | Combining capacity of an atom |
| Viability | Ability to live or develop |
| Ventricular | Relating to ventricles |
| Vector-borne | Carried by insects or other organisms |
| Viticulture | Grape cultivation |
| Vaporization | Conversion from liquid to vapor |
| Virology | Study of viruses |
| Vesicle | Small fluid-filled sac |
| Vertebrate | Animal with a backbone |
| Visceral | Relating to internal organs |
| Vernalization | Cold treatment for flowering induction |
| Volt | Electric potential unit |
| Virulence | Disease-causing ability |
| Vibrational | Relating to vibration |
| Vapor pressure | Pressure from a vapor in equilibrium |
| Vasodilation | Widening of blood vessels |
| Vas deferens | Tube transporting sperm |
| Vacuole | Cell’s storage organelle |
| Vapor barrier | Material preventing vapor passage |
| Vibrational energy | Energy in vibrating system |
Science Words Starting With W:
| Water | H2O, essential for life |
| Weather | Atmospheric conditions at a place |
| Wave | Disturbance transferring energy |
| Wavelength | Distance between wave peaks |
| Work | Force causing object displacement |
| Wind | Air in motion |
| Wildlife | Animals not domesticated or cultivated |
| Watt | Power unit |
| Wetland | Land with water saturation |
| Waste management | Handling and disposal of waste |
| White blood cell | Blood cell fighting infection |
| Wood | Fibrous material from trees |
| Western blot | Protein detection technique |
| Weight | Gravity’s force on an object |
| Wing | Limb for flying |
| Wastewater | Used or contaminated water |
| Wettability | Surface’s ability to be wetted |
| Weathering | Rocks breaking down by weather |
| Wildlife conservation | Protecting wild species and habitats |
| Worm | Invertebrate with elongated body |
| Watershed | Area draining into a water body |
| Wet bulb | Humidity measurement |
| Water cycle | Water’s movement through environment |
| Woodpecker | Bird that pecks wood |
| Wind power | Energy from wind |
| Wind chill | Perceived decrease in air temperature |
| Water quality | Water’s suitability for use |
| Wall shear stress | Force exerted by fluid on wall |
| Web | Interconnected network |
| Wildfire | Uncontrolled fire in nature |
Science Words Starting With X:
| Xenobiotic | Foreign substance to an organism |
| X-ray crystallography | Structure determination using X-rays |
| Xylem | Plant tissue transporting water |
| Xerophyte | Plant adapted to dry conditions |
| X-ray diffraction | X-rays scattered by atoms |
Science Words Starting With Y:
| Yeast | Fungi used in fermentation |
| Yield | Production amount |
| Yolk | Nutrient-rich part of an egg |
| Y chromosome | Male sex chromosome |
| Y-axis | Vertical axis in a graph |
Science Words Starting With Z:
| Zoology | Study of animals |
| Zero gravity | Condition of weightlessness |
| Zinc | Metallic chemical element |
| Zygote | Fertilized egg cell |
| Zonal | Relating to a zone or belt |
Science Words (Divided by Subject)
Science has many subjects and popular ones are chemistry, physics, maths, and biology. Let us look at some dictionary words for each subject.
Physics Words A To Z
Below is the list of physics words:
A: Acceleration, Amplitude, Atom, Angular momentum, Archimedes’ principle, Ampere
B: Black hole, Bernoulli’s principle, Big Bang, Boltzmann constant, Buoyancy, Bohr model
C: Conservation laws, Coulomb’s law, Conduction, Centripetal force, Cosmology, Capacitance
D: Density, Doppler effect, Diffraction, Displacement, Decibel, Duality
E: Energy, Electric field, Equilibrium, Electromagnetism, Einstein’s theory of relativity, Entropy
F: Force, Friction, Frequency, Faraday’s law, Fermi energy, Fission
G: Gravitational force, Gauss’s law, General relativity, Gamma rays, Geodesic, Gauss’s law for magnetism
H: Heat, Hooke’s law, Harmonic motion, Hydrostatic pressure, Higgs boson, Heisenberg uncertainty principle
I: Inertia, Interference, Inverse square law, Inelastic collision, Induction, Impulse
J: Joule, Joule’s law, Joule-Thomson effect
K: Kinetic energy, Kepler’s laws, Kirchhoff’s laws
L: Light, Law of conservation of energy, Leptons, Lenz’s law, Luminosity, Lorentz transformation
M: Mass, Magnetism, Momentum, Magnetic field, Newton’s laws of motion, Michelson-Morley experiment
N: Newton, Nuclear energy, Newton’s law of gravitation, Neutrino, Nuclear fission, Nuclear fusion
O: Ohm’s law, Optics, Oscillation, Ohmic resistance, Orbital, Ohmic heating
P: Power, Pressure, Photon, Projectile motion, Planck’s constant, Photoelectric effect
Q: Quantum mechanics, Quark, Quasars
R: Resistance, Refraction, Relativity, Radioactivity, Rotational motion, Rutherford model
S: Speed, Sound, Static electricity, Scalar, Superposition, Special relativity
T: Time, Temperature, Torque, Thermodynamics, Transverse waves, Tesla
U: Uniform motion, Ultraviolet, Uncertainty principle, Ultrasound, Universal gravitation, Unit
V: Velocity, Voltage, Vacuum, Vector, Vibration, Virtual image
W: Work, Waves, Watt, Wavelength, Weak force, Wigner effect
X: X-rays, X-ray diffraction
Y: Young’s modulus, Yield strength
Z: Zeeman effect, Zero-point energy
Chemistry Words A To Z
Below is the list of chemistry words:
A: Acid, Atom, Alloy, Ammonia, Alkali, Aldehyde
B: Benzene, Buffer, Bond, Base, Bromine, Barium
C: Catalyst, Carbon, Chemical, Chlorine, Compound, Covalent
D: Dilute, Distillation, Double bond, Decomposition, Detergent, Dipole
E: Electron, Ester, Element, Enzyme, Ethanol, Evaporation
F: Fermentation, Fluorine, Formula, Freezing, Fuel, Fusion
G: Gas, Glassware, Graphite, Glycerol, Group, Green chemistry
H: Hydrogen, Halogen, Heavy metal, Homogeneous, Hydration, Hydrolysis
I: Inorganic, Ion, Indicator, Iodine, Ionic, Isomer
J: Joule, Juxtaposition
K: Kelvin, Kinetics
L: Liquid, Litmus, Lattice, Lanthanide, Ligand, Lewis structure
M: Molecule, Metal, Melting point, Monomer, Mass, Matter
N: Noble gas, Nucleus, Neutron, Nitrogen, Nonpolar, Neutralization
O: Organic, Oxidation, Oxygen, Ozone, Orbit, Oxide
P: Periodic table, Polymer, Proton, pH, Precipitate, Pressure
Q: Quantum, Quenching
R: Reaction, Reactant, Redox, Resonance, Rust, Radioactive
S: Solvent, Solute, Sublimation, Salt, Stoichiometry, Solid
T: Titration, Transition metal, Titrant, Triple bond, Tincture, Temperature
U: Uranium, Urea
V: Valence, Vapor, Volatile, Van der Waals forces, Valence electron
W: Water, Weak acid, White solid
X: Xenon
Y: Yield, Yttrium
Z: Zinc, Zwitterion
Biology Words A To Z
Below is the list of biology words:
A: Allele, Adaptation, Antibody, Amino acid, Autotroph, ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
B: Biodiversity, Biome, Cell, Chlorophyll, Chromosome, Cloning
C: DNA, Cytoplasm, Community, Cell membrane, Cytoskeleton, Carbon cycle
D: Diffusion, Dominant, Digestion, DNA replication, Decomposer, Dissection
E: Ecosystem, Enzyme, Evolution, Endoplasmic reticulum, Eukaryote, Embryo
F: Fermentation, Fertilization, Food chain, Fungi, Flagella, Forensic
G: Gene, Genetics, Genome, Golgi apparatus, Genotype, Gamete
H: Homeostasis, Heterotroph, Heredity, Hormone, Hypothesis, Host
I: Immunity, Inheritance, Interphase, Invertebrate, Inoculation, Ion
J: Jacob-Monod model, Joints, Juvenile, Juxtaglomerular apparatus
K: Kingdom, Karyotype, Krebs cycle, Kinetochore, Keratin, Kelp
L: Lysosome, Lactic acid, Linnaean classification, Ligament, Lichen, Lactation
M: Mitochondria, Meiosis, Mutation, Microorganism, Metabolism, Mendelian
N: Nucleus, Nucleotide, Nitrogen cycle, Natural selection, Nervous system, Neuron
O: Organelle, Osmosis, Ovary, Organic, Omnivore, Ozone
P: Photosynthesis, Protein, Punnett square, Phylum, Prokaryote, Pollination
Q: Quadrat, Quaternary structure, Qualitative, Quantitative, Quorum sensing, Quickening
R: Reproduction, Ribosome, Respiration, RNA, Recessive, Reflex
S: Species, Symbiosis, Stem cell, Synapse, Spore, Stimulus
T: Taxonomy, Transcription, Translation, Tissue, Trophic level, Thylakoid
U: Unicellular, Urinary system, Uterus, Uric acid, Ultrastructure, Urea
V: Variation, Virus, Vegetative propagation, Ventilation, Vacuole, Vascular
W: White blood cell, Watson-Crick model, Wavelength,
X: Xylem, X chromosome
Y: Y chromosome, Yeast, Yolk sac,
Z: Zygote, Zoology, Zone of inhibition
Math Words A To Z
Below is the list of math words:
A: Addition, Algebra, Angle, Arithmetic, Absolute value, Axis
B: Binary, Base, Bar graph, Binomial, Box plot, Boundary
C: Coordinate, Cube root, Circle, Cosine, Complementary angles, Cuboid
D: Division, Decimal, Data, Diameter, Differentiation, Divisor
E: Equation, Exponent, Ellipse, Exponential, Even number, Equivalent
F: Fraction, Function, Factor, Factorial, Frequency, Formula
G: Geometry, Graph, Greatest common divisor, Gradient, Greater than, Group
H: Hypotenuse, Histogram, Hyperbola, Hexagon, Horizontal, Hypothesis
I: Integer, Inequality, Intersection, Identity, Imaginary number, Index
J: Join, Joint probability, Joule, Justify, Jump discontinuity, Juxtapose
K: Kite, Kilogram, Kinematics, K-nearest neighbors, Kernel, Knot
L: Logarithm, Linear, Locus, Lowest common denominator, Line segment, Limit
M: Multiplication, Mean, Median, Mode, Matrix, Monomial
N: Negative number, Notation, Natural numbers, Normal distribution, Numerator, Null set
O: Operations, Obtuse angle, Ordered pair, Octagon, Origin, Odd number
P: Prime number, Polygon, Pythagorean theorem, Probability, Parabola, Product
Q: Quadrant, Quotient, Quadratic equation, Quartile, Quincunx, Quick calculation
R: Ratio, Rational number, Radical, Rectangle, Range, Reflection
S: Subtraction, Square root, Sum, Symmetry, Slope, Surface area
T: Triangle, Tangent, Transversal, Term, Transformation, Trigonometry
U: Union, Unit, Undefined, Unary, Unit circle, Uniform distribution
V: Variable, Vertex, Volume, Venn diagram, Vertical, Vector
W: Whole numbers, Weighted average, Width,
X: X-axis, Interquartile range
Y: Y-intercept, Y-coordinate, Yield, Yen, Y-axis, Yoctosecond
Z: Zero, Zero vector, Z-score, Zero pair, Z-test, Z-axis
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A to Z Health Vocabulary Words List
